MaryeO--I am a rank amateur in this arena, but I did get a steel along with my chef knife. I asked the science teacher here about your question, and she said "aligns the molecules". Ditto, the shop teacher and the physics teacher. I bet it aligns the molecules and you are not full of ****! Now if I could only learn to use my steel. All the diagrams show it with the knife moving toward the hand holding the steel and that violates everything I ever learned about knives. Oh well--I'll get it.