This also changes depending on what type of flour or sugar is being used..
Flour....
Conversions from Volume to WeightAll-purpose Flour,
sifted
1 tablespoon = 3/8 ounce = 5 grams
1/4 cup = 1 ounce = 25 grams
1/3 cup = 1 1/4 ounces = 30 grams
1/2 cup = 2 ounces = 50 grams
2/3 cup = 2 3/4 ounces = 65 grams
3/4 cup = 3 ounces = 70 grams
1 cup = 4 ounces = 95 grams
All-purpose Flour,
unsifted
1 tablespoon = 1/4 ounce = 7.5 grams
1/4 cup = 1 1/4 ounces = 31 grams
1/3 cup = 1 1/2 ounces = 42 grams
1/2 cup = 2 1/2 ounces = 63 grams
2/3 cup = 3 1/4 ounces = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 3 1/2 ounces = 85 grams
1 cup = 4 1/4 ounces = 125 grams
3 cups = 16 ounces = 1 pound
Bread Flour
1/4 cup = 1 1/4 ounces = 30 grams
1/3 cup = 1 3/4 ounces = 45 grams
1/2 cup = 2 1/2 ounces = 60 grams
2/3 cup = 3 1/4 ounces = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 3 3/4 ounces = 75 grams
1 cup = 5 ounces = 110 grams
Buckwheat Flour,
unsifted
1/4 cup = 1 ounce = 25 grams
1/3 cup = 1 3/4 ounces = 45 grams
1/2 cup = 2 ounces = 50 grams
2/3 cup = 2 3/4 ounces = 65 grams
3/4 cup = 3 ounces = 70 grams
1 cup = 4 ounces = 95 grams
Cake Flour,
sifted
1/4 cup = 1 ounce = 25 grams
1/3 cup = 1 1/4 ounces = 30 grams
1/2 cup = 1 3/4 ounces = 45 grams
2/3 cup = 2 1/4 ounces = 55 grams
3/4 cup = 2 1/2 ounces = 60 grams
1 cup = 3 1/2 ounces = 82.5 grams
Cake Flour,
unsifted
1/4 cup = 1 ounce = 25 grams
1/3 cup = 1 1/4 ounces = 30 grams
1/2 cup = 2 ounces = 50 grams
2/3 cup = 2 3/4 ounces = 65 grams
3/4 cup = 3 ounces = 70 grams
1 cup = 4 ounces = 95 grams
Pasta Flour,
Finely Ground Durum Wheat
1/4 cup = 1 1/2 ounces = 40 grams
1/3 cup = 1 3/4 ounces = 45 grams
1/2 cup = 2 3/4 ounces = 65 grams
2/3 cup = 3 3/4 ounces = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 4 ounces = 95 grams
1 cup = 5 1/2 ounces = 122.5 grams
Whole-Wheat Flour,
sifted
1/4 cup = 1 1/4 ounce = 30 grams
1/3 cup = 1 1/2 ounces = 40 grams
1/2 cup = 2 1/4 ounces = 55 grams
2/3 cup = 3 ounces = 70 grams
3/4 cup = 3 1/4 ounces = 75 grams
1 cup = 4 1/2 ounces = 102.5 grams
Whole-Wheat Flour,
unsifted
1/4 cup = 1 1/2 ounces = 40 grams
1/3 cup = 1 3/4 ounces = 45 grams
1/2 cup = 2 3/4 ounces = 65 grams
2/3 cup = 3 3/4 ounces = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 4 ounces = 95 grams
1 cup = 5 1/2 ounces = 122.5 grams
Flour SubstitutionsInstead of 1 CupYou Can UseCake flour1 cup minus 2 tablespoons all-purpose flourSelf-rising flour1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder and 1/8 teaspoon saltSifted all-purpose1 cup minus 2 tablespoons unsifted all-purposed flourSifted cake flour1 cup minus 2 tablespoons unsifted cake flourWhole-wheat flour1/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 2 tablespoons wheat germ Flour Protein ContentFlour type Protein (g/cup)Bread14Unbleached13All-Purpose10-12Southern All-Purpose9Cake8
Sugar....
Conversions from Volume to WeightGranulated White Sugar
1 teaspoon = 1/6 ounce = 4 grams
1 tablespoon = 1/2 ounce = 12 grams
1/4 cup = 1 3/4 ounces = 50 grams
1/3 cup = 2 1/4 ounces = 67 grams
1/2 cup = 3 1/2 ounces = 100 grams
1/3 cup = 4 1/2 ounces = 150 grams
3/4 cup = 5 1/4 ounces = 170 grams
1 cup = 7 ounces = 200 grams
2 cups = 1 pound = 500 grams
Brown Sugar, dark or light
1 tablespoon = 1/2 ounce = 14 grams
1/4 cup = 2 ounces = 55 grams
1/3 cup = 2 1/2 ounces = 63 grams
1/2 cup = 4 ounces = 110 grams
2/3 cup = 5 1/2 ounces = 135 grams
3/4 cup = 6 ounces = 150 grams
1 cup = 8 ounces = 220 grams
Confectioners' (Powdered) Sugar or 10X Sugar
1 tablespoon = 1/4 ounce = 7.5 grams
1/4 cup = 1 ounce = 30 grams
1/3 cup = 1 1/4 ounces = 40 grams
1/2 cup = 2 ounces = 60 grams
2/3 cup = 2 1/2 ounces = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 3 ounces = 85 grams
1 cup = 4 ounces = 120 grams
Honey
1 tablespoon = 3/4 fl. ounce = 21.25 g.
1/4 cup = 3 fl. ounces = 85 grams
1/3 cup = 4 fl. ounces = 113 grams
1/2 cup = 6 fl. ounces = 170 grams
2/3 cup = 8 fl. ounces = 226 grams
3/4 cup = 9 fl. ounces = 255 grams
1 cup = 12 fl. ounces = 340 grams
Corn Syrup, dark or light
1 tablespoon = 3/4 fl. ounce = 20.5 grams
1/4 cup = 3 fl. ounces = 82 grams
1/3 cup = 4 fl. ounces = 109.3 grams
1/2 cup = 6 fl. ounces = 164 grams
2/3 cup = 8 fl. ounces = 218.6 grams
3/4 cup = 9 fl. ounces = 246 grams
1 cup = 11 1/2 fl. ounces = 328 grams
Molasses
1/4 cup = 2 3/4 fl. ounces = 77.9 grams
1/3 cup = 3 3/4 fl. ounces = 103.8 grams
1/2 cup = 5 1/2 fl. ounces = 155.8 grams
2/3 cup = 7 1/2 fl. ounces = 207.4 grams
3/4 cup = 8 1/4 fl. ounces = 233.7 grams
1 cup = 11 fl. ounces = 311.6 grams
Maple Syrup
1 tablespoon = 3/4 fl. ounce = 20.5 grams
1/4 cup = 3 fl. ounces = 82 grams
1/3 cup = 4 fl. ounces = 109.3 grams
1/2 cup = 6 fl. ounces = 164 grams
2/3 cup = 8 fl. ounces = 218.6 grams
3/4 cup = 9 fl. ounces = 246 grams
1 cup = 12 fl. ounces = 340 grams
Sugar SubstitutionsInstead of 1 CupYou Can UseConfectioners' (powdered) sugar1/2 cup plus 1 tablespoon granulated sugarDark corn syrup3/4 light corn syrup plus 1/4 cup light molassesGranulated sugar1 3/4 cups confectioners' sugar or 1 cup packed brown sugar or 1 cup superfine sugarHoney1 1/4 cups granulated sugar plus 1/4 cup waterLight-brown sugar1 cup granulated sugar plus 1 tablespoon or 1/2 cup packed brown sugar plus 1/2 cup granulated sugar Light/dark corn syrup1 1/4 cups granulated or packed brown sugar plus 1/4 cup waterMolasses3/4 cup dark-brown sugar plus 1/4 cup water or 1 cup honey Sugar NameSugar DefinitionBeet SugarSugar extracted from the sugar beet plant. Sugar beets are easier to grow and more prolific than the sugar cane plant.Brown SugarA small-grained, granulated sugar that is combined with molasses giving it a soft texture. Light brown sugar has less molasses added than dark brown sugar.Cane SugarSugar that is extracted from the sugar cane plant. Raw cane sugar has a more pleasant flavor than raw beet sugar, but it is more expensive to produce.Confectioners' SugarGranulated sugar that has been crushed into a fine powder. A small amount of cornstarch is usually added to prevent clumping.Corn SyrupSweet syrup made from cornstarch. Dark corn syrup has had caramel flavor and coloring added. Corn syrup will inhibit crystallization of sugar.Decorating (sugar crystals or coarse sugar)A sugar that has granules about four times larger than regular granulated sugar. It is used for decorating baked goods and often comes in a variety of colors.DemeraraA coarse-grained, light brown raw cane sugar from the Demarara region of Guyana. It is relatively dry and dissolves slowly.Granulated A highly refined cane or beet sugar that is most common for table use and cooking. It is available in various textures, as well as tablets and cubes.HoneyA sweet, sticky liquid made by bees from the nectar of flowers.Maple SugarSugar made from the syrup of the sugar maple tree.Maple SyrupA sweet syrup made from the sap of the hardwood sugar maple and black maple.MuscovadoA dark, raw cane sugar with fine grains and a moist texture.Turbinado SugarA coarse-grained granulated sugar that is less refined. A small amount of molasses remains after cleaning, giving turbinado sugar a light brown color.MolassesA syrup by-product of processed cane sugar. It is dark, viscous, and has a strong, distinctive flavor.GlucoseA simple sugar that occurs naturally in fruits, vegetables, and honey, is used in making sugarpaste and it helps prevent sugar recrystalilation. It can be made commercially by heating starch with various acids.SugarA sweet-tasting carbohydrate that forms naturally in the leaves, roots, stems or fruits of numerous plants.SuperfineA finely granulated sugar which dissolves almost instantly in cold water. Superfine sugar can be substituted for regular granulated sugar cup for cup.Castor SugarA term used in Britain for superfine sugar.DextroseA form of glucose created when cornstarch is broken down into a simple sugar by enzymes.FructoseOccurs naturally in all fruits and in honey. It is approximately twice as sweet as granulated sugar.Treacle, BlackA thick, dark syrup with a strong, slightly bitter flavor. It is very similar to dark molasses.JaggeryA dark brown, raw Asian sugar with coarse, moist grains. It has a strong molasses taste and is used in South Asian cuisines.