Bluedogz has it right, for the most part. Both Creole and Cajun cuisine are pretty much a mix of French, Spanish, and African food traditions adapted to the raw ingredients available in Bayou country. Creole tends to be a more refined rendition as it developed out of the Haute or finer cuisines of the the well-to-do while cajun has it's basis in peasant cuisine, especially that of the Acadians, who lived, for the most part in the bayous while the Creole came from "city folk".
Some of the more popular (and well known) dishes from these 2 cuisines are:
Gumbo
Shrimp Creole
Shrimp Etouffee (sp?)
Jambalya
Blackened Redfish (a relatively new phenomon)
Po'Boys (sub sandwiches)
Dirty Rice
Oysters Rockafeller (yes, created in New Orleans)
Bengiets
Just to name a few. Some of the foods associated with New Orleans, Bayou Country, Creole and Cajun cuisine are:
Shrimp
Crawfish (crayfish)
Redfish
Okra
Alligator
Rice
Peppers (sweet and hot)
Tasso (a spicy ham)
Andouille sausage
Boudin (another sausage)
Oysters
The list can go on and on.